Cyient Completes 100% Acquisition of US-Based Tao Digital Solutions to Expand Digital-Engineering Capabilities
Cyient has completed the acquisition of 100% of US-based Tao Digital Solutions, bringing the fast-growing digital-engineering company fully under its ownership as the Hyderabad-headquartered engineering technology group accelerates its expansion into artificial intelligence, data engineering, cloud platforms and digital product development.
The transaction was completed on:
September 4, 2026,
ahead of the previously indicated deadline of:
September 30, 2026.
Cyient had originally announced the definitive agreement on:
May 30, 2026.
The acquisition values Tao Digital at an enterprise value of:
$218 million.
At prevailing exchange rates around closing, that represents approximately:
₹2,060 crore.
The transaction is structured as an:
all-cash acquisition
with an upfront payment of approximately:
$130 million
and the remaining consideration tied to:
performance-linked earnouts over two years.
The acquisition gives Cyient ownership of Tao Digital's global operations and approximately:
3,500 employees,
while materially strengthening its presence across:
North America, India, Europe and Asia.
The deal is particularly focused on combining Cyient's long-established engineering expertise with Tao Digital's capabilities in:
AI, data engineering, digital product engineering, cloud services and platform modernisation.
Cyient Completes Acquisition Ahead of September Deadline
Cyient completed the transaction on:
September 4, 2026.
The deal had originally been expected to close on or before:
September 30.
Completion followed regulatory clearance from the:
Competition Commission of India.
The CCI approved Cyient's acquisition of:
100% of Tao Digital Solutions' share capital
in August 2026.
With the regulatory process completed, Tao Digital now becomes:
a wholly owned subsidiary of Cyient.
Transaction Values Tao Digital at $218 Million
The acquisition implies an enterprise value of:
$218 million.
Cyient had valued the transaction at approximately:
9.5 times Tao Digital's estimated CY27 EBITDA,
excluding:
management incentives
and:
retention schemes.
The valuation reflects Tao Digital's rapid growth and strong position in:
digital engineering,
data platforms,
and AI-enabled services.
For Cyient, the transaction represents a substantial strategic investment in expanding its capabilities beyond traditional engineering services.
Upfront Payment Is Around $130 Million
Approximately:
60%
of the enterprise value is being paid upfront.
That translates to around:
$130 million.
Cyient has said the upfront payment equates to approximately:
7.9 times Tao Digital's CY2025 EBITDA.
The remaining consideration is not immediately payable.
Instead, it will be paid through:
two performance-linked earnout tranches
over the two years following completion.
Earnouts Are Linked to EBITDA Growth
The earnout mechanism ties part of the acquisition price to:
future financial performance.
Specifically, the additional payments are linked to:
EBITDA growth.
This structure reduces some of the acquisition risk for Cyient.
Rather than paying the full potential consideration immediately, part of the price becomes payable only if Tao Digital achieves agreed performance thresholds.
The transaction also contains provisions designed to reward:
synergy-driven EBITDA growth.
Cyient Acquires Entire Tao Digital Group
The transaction includes not only Tao Digital Solutions Inc. in the United States but also several international group companies.
These include operations in:
Canada,
India,
Taiwan,
Germany,
Greece,
the Czech Republic,
Australia,
and other markets.
This gives Cyient access to an established global delivery network rather than simply a US corporate entity.
The combination expands both:
customer reach
and:
delivery capability.
Tao Digital Is Headquartered in Santa Clara
Tao Digital Solutions is headquartered in:
Santa Clara, California.
The company was founded in:
2022.
Despite its relatively recent formation, it has expanded rapidly.
Its business focuses on:
digital transformation,
product engineering,
data engineering,
AI,
cloud services,
cybersecurity,
managed services,
payments,
and digitisation.
This portfolio makes Tao Digital significantly different from Cyient's historical engineering-services base.
Tao Digital Has Approximately 3,500 Employees
At the time of the acquisition announcement, Tao Digital had a workforce of approximately:
3,500 employees.
Its delivery footprint spans multiple global regions.
A substantial portion of its engineering delivery capability is based in:
India.
The workforce gives Cyient immediate access to thousands of professionals with expertise across:
software,
data,
AI,
cloud,
quality engineering,
and digital platforms.
Building a comparable capability organically would likely take considerably longer.
Revenue Reached Approximately $79.1 Million in 2025
Tao Digital has recorded rapid revenue expansion.
Its approximate annual revenue increased from:
$19.7 million in CY2023
to:
$50.3 million in CY2024
and:
$79.1 million in CY2025.
That represents substantial growth over a relatively short period.
From CY2023 to CY2025, revenue increased by more than:
four times.
The pace of expansion was one of the factors supporting Cyient's strategic interest in the business.
EBITDA Margin Was Around 20%
Tao Digital generated an EBITDA margin of approximately:
20%
in CY2025.
That indicates the company had already achieved meaningful profitability alongside rapid revenue growth.
For an acquisition primarily financed through debt, cash generation becomes particularly important.
Cyient has said Tao Digital has:
healthy free cash-flow conversion
that can help service a meaningful portion of the acquisition financing.
Deal Is Primarily Debt-Funded
Cyient intends to finance the transaction primarily through:
debt.
Management has indicated that the acquisition will use a combination of:
debt
and:
equity resources,
but debt represents the larger component.
This increases Cyient's leverage compared with its previous balance-sheet position.
The company expects a significant portion of the borrowings to be serviced using:
Tao Digital's own free cash flow.
Acquisition Could Move Cyient Toward Net Debt
The financing structure has implications for Cyient's balance sheet.
Cyient historically operated with a relatively strong liquidity position.
The Tao Digital acquisition, combined with other recent investments, is expected to increase:
financial leverage.
Some analysts have projected that Cyient could move from:
a net-cash position
toward:
net debt
during FY27.
That makes successful integration and cash generation important to the economics of the transaction.
Cyient Expects Acquisition to Be EPS Accretive
Cyient expects the Tao Digital acquisition to become:
earnings-per-share accretive.
Management has said the transaction should become substantially accretive after approximately:
18 months
once integration has progressed.
That assessment includes the impact of:
interest costs,
intangible-asset amortisation,
integration expenses,
and:
one-time transaction costs.
The company also expects the transaction to be:
ROCE positive.
Integration Period Expected to Take Around 18 Months
Cyient has indicated that the full integration process could take around:
one and a half years.
Integration will involve aligning:
sales teams,
delivery operations,
technology platforms,
leadership,
customer relationships,
and internal systems.
The challenge is to combine the businesses without disrupting:
Tao Digital's growth
or:
existing customer relationships.
The earnout and retention structures are partly designed to support continuity during this period.
Tao Digital Strengthens Cyient’s AI Capabilities
The most important strategic rationale behind the acquisition is:
artificial intelligence.
Enterprise customers are moving rapidly from:
AI experimentation
toward:
production-scale deployment.
But large-scale AI requires more than access to models.
Companies first need:
clean data,
modern data platforms,
cloud infrastructure,
production engineering,
governance,
and operational systems.
Tao Digital brings many of these capabilities directly into Cyient.
Data Engineering Is Central to Enterprise AI
AI systems depend on:
data.
If enterprise information is fragmented across:
legacy databases,
cloud applications,
industrial systems,
and departmental platforms,
AI deployments can struggle.
Companies therefore need to modernise:
data architecture
before advanced AI can operate effectively.
Tao Digital specialises in helping enterprises create:
AI-ready data foundations.
That capability strengthens Cyient's ability to offer end-to-end AI transformation.
AI-Native Engineering Becomes Strategic Differentiator
Cyient has described Tao Digital as an:
AI-native data and product engineering company.
The distinction is important.
Traditional IT transformation often focuses on:
applications,
cloud migration,
or business-process automation.
AI-native engineering incorporates artificial intelligence into the:
design,
development,
operation,
and lifecycle
of digital systems.
Cyient sees this as an important part of the future of engineering services.
Cyient Brings Deep Domain Engineering Expertise
Cyient's existing strength comes from decades of work in complex engineering industries.
The company serves sectors including:
aerospace and defence,
automotive,
rail,
healthcare,
semiconductors,
energy,
industrial manufacturing,
utilities,
communications,
and spatial intelligence.
These industries increasingly require combinations of:
physical engineering
and:
digital intelligence.
Tao Digital helps Cyient strengthen the digital side of that equation.
Combination Creates Physical and Digital Engineering Model
Cyient's strategic proposition is increasingly centred on:
Intelligent Engineering.
This means combining:
traditional engineering knowledge
with:
software,
data,
cloud,
and AI.
For example, an automotive client may require expertise across:
vehicle systems,
embedded software,
cloud platforms,
data analytics,
and AI.
A semiconductor customer may need:
chip engineering
alongside:
software and data infrastructure.
The Tao Digital acquisition expands Cyient's ability to offer this integrated model.
Automotive Is a Major Target Sector
Tao Digital has strong exposure to:
automotive customers.
The automotive industry is undergoing rapid digital transformation.
Modern vehicles increasingly incorporate:
connected systems,
advanced software,
AI,
cloud platforms,
and large quantities of data.
Vehicles are evolving from primarily mechanical products into:
software-defined platforms.
This creates opportunities for engineering providers capable of working across both:
physical products
and:
digital systems.
Software-Defined Vehicles Increase Engineering Demand
The shift toward:
software-defined vehicles
is changing the automotive supply chain.
Features that were once determined entirely by hardware can increasingly be:
updated,
configured,
or enhanced
through software.
Automakers therefore require expertise in:
cloud-native applications,
data platforms,
embedded software,
cybersecurity,
and digital validation.
Tao Digital's digital engineering capabilities complement Cyient's broader automotive-engineering services.
Hi-Tech Sector Is Another Growth Area
Tao Digital also serves customers in:
Hi-Tech.
This can include companies operating across:
technology products,
electronics,
software platforms,
and digital infrastructure.
These businesses are often early adopters of:
AI,
cloud-native engineering,
automation,
and data platforms.
The acquisition gives Cyient a larger presence in this customer segment.
HealthTech Adds Another Strategic Vertical
Healthcare technology is another important area for Tao Digital.
The sector increasingly combines:
medical devices,
software,
data,
cloud platforms,
and artificial intelligence.
Healthcare systems produce substantial volumes of:
clinical,
device,
operational,
and patient data.
Digital engineering can help companies develop:
connected platforms,
analytics systems,
and AI-enabled applications.
Cyient already has healthcare and life-sciences engineering expertise, creating cross-selling potential.
North America Presence Expands Materially
One of the key strategic benefits of the transaction is a larger presence in:
North America.
Tao Digital is headquartered in California and serves large enterprise clients across the region.
North America remains one of the world's largest markets for:
engineering services,
AI transformation,
and enterprise technology.
Expanding in the region can increase Cyient's access to:
larger clients
and:
higher-value digital programmes.
Acquisition Reduces Reliance on Project-Based Revenue
Cyient also sees the transaction as a way to increase exposure to:
multi-year, annuity-style technology programmes.
Traditional engineering projects can sometimes have:
defined scopes
and:
finite durations.
Data platforms,
cloud operations,
managed services,
and digital engineering programmes
can create longer-term relationships.
This can improve:
revenue visibility
and:
customer stickiness.
Tao Digital Adds Managed Services
The company operates across:
managed services
in addition to engineering.
Managed services involve ongoing responsibility for:
technology environments,
platforms,
or operational systems.
These engagements can produce more recurring revenue than one-time implementation projects.
For Cyient, this broadens the commercial model beyond conventional engineering assignments.
Cloud Services Become More Important
Cloud infrastructure is increasingly fundamental to:
digital transformation
and:
AI deployment.
Tao Digital brings capabilities in:
cloud services,
cloud-native platforms,
and modernisation.
Enterprises often have complex environments spanning:
legacy systems,
private clouds,
and public cloud platforms.
Integrating those environments requires substantial engineering expertise.
Platform Engineering Is Growing Category
Another major capability is:
platform engineering.
Rather than building every application from scratch, organisations increasingly create shared digital platforms that allow development teams to:
deploy,
manage,
and scale software
more efficiently.
Platform engineering can reduce duplication and improve:
speed,
reliability,
and governance.
Tao Digital's experience in this area supports Cyient's broader enterprise transformation offering.
Application Modernisation Adds Cross-Selling Opportunity
Large global companies still operate significant quantities of:
legacy software.
Modernising these systems can involve:
rearchitecting applications,
moving them to cloud environments,
improving APIs,
and integrating AI.
Tao Digital gives Cyient deeper capability in:
application modernisation.
Cyient can potentially offer these services to customers that previously engaged it mainly for:
engineering work.
Quality Engineering Is Also Part of Portfolio
Digital systems require extensive:
testing
and:
quality assurance.
Tao Digital's product-engineering capabilities include:
quality engineering.
As applications become increasingly complex and interconnected, conventional manual testing becomes insufficient.
Companies need:
automated testing,
continuous validation,
performance testing,
and AI-assisted quality processes.
This creates another service line within the combined organisation.
Cybersecurity Expands Offering
The CCI described Tao Digital's business as also including:
cybersecurity.
Cybersecurity has become critical as engineering systems become:
connected
and:
software driven.
Industrial equipment,
vehicles,
healthcare devices,
and enterprise platforms
can all become targets for cyber threats.
Cyient's ability to combine engineering knowledge with cybersecurity services could become increasingly relevant in regulated industries.
Payments Capabilities Add Additional Digital Exposure
Tao Digital also has experience in:
payments technology.
Although this is less directly connected to Cyient's traditional engineering portfolio, it expands the company's exposure to:
digital platforms
and:
transaction technologies.
This illustrates the breadth of Tao Digital's business beyond pure industrial engineering.
Cyient Can Cross-Sell Tao Capabilities to Existing Customers
Cross-selling represents one of the clearest potential synergies.
Cyient already serves more than:
300 global customers.
Many of those companies require:
data engineering,
AI,
cloud,
and digital-platform services.
Instead of building all those capabilities internally, Cyient can now introduce:
Tao Digital's expertise
to existing relationships.
That could accelerate revenue growth without requiring entirely new customer acquisition.
Tao Digital Can Access Cyient’s Existing Customer Base
The synergy works in both directions.
Tao Digital can gain access to Cyient's long-standing relationships in:
aerospace,
industrial engineering,
energy,
utilities,
communications,
and other sectors.
A company that previously used Cyient for:
product engineering
could potentially engage the combined organisation for:
data modernisation
or:
AI transformation.
That expands Tao Digital's addressable market.
Cyient Can Offer Larger Integrated Deals
The acquisition could also help Cyient compete for:
larger multi-service contracts.
Enterprise clients increasingly prefer fewer strategic partners capable of covering multiple capabilities.
A provider offering only physical engineering may be excluded from programmes requiring:
cloud,
AI,
software,
and data.
By adding Tao Digital, Cyient can bid for broader transformation programmes.
That can increase:
average contract size
and:
strategic importance to customers.
AI Spending Is Shifting Toward Production Deployment
The timing of the acquisition is significant.
Many enterprises spent the early phase of generative AI experimenting with:
proofs of concept.
The next stage involves integrating AI into:
real business processes.
That requires:
engineering,
data preparation,
security,
governance,
and production operations.
Service providers capable of moving customers from experimentation to deployment could capture a larger share of enterprise AI spending.
Data Readiness Is Major Bottleneck
One of the biggest problems enterprises encounter when deploying AI is:
data readiness.
A company may possess enormous amounts of information.
But that information can be:
incomplete,
duplicated,
poorly structured,
or trapped in disconnected systems.
AI models built on poor data can produce unreliable outputs.
Tao Digital's data-engineering capabilities therefore address a major practical bottleneck in enterprise AI adoption.
Generative AI Requires Lifecycle Management
Launching an AI system is only the beginning.
Models need:
monitoring,
evaluation,
security,
updates,
cost management,
and governance.
Tao Digital brings experience in:
AI lifecycle operations.
This allows Cyient to support customers after initial implementation rather than limiting engagements to development alone.
That creates potential for:
longer-term managed-service revenue.
Acquisition Supports Cyient’s Portfolio Expansion Strategy
Cyient has been pursuing growth through:
organic investment
and:
selective acquisitions.
Tao Digital is one of its largest recent transactions.
The deal supports three strategic priorities identified by management:
deep domain expertise,
AI acceleration,
and:
portfolio expansion.
The objective is to create a broader engineering company positioned for industries where digital and physical systems increasingly converge.
Tao Digital Follows Kinetic Technologies Acquisition
The transaction comes after Cyient also acquired:
74% of Kinetic Technologies
earlier in 2026.
That deal strengthened the company's position in:
power semiconductors.
Together, the acquisitions illustrate Cyient's willingness to invest in:
high-growth technology capabilities.
However, multiple acquisitions also increase:
integration complexity
and:
capital requirements.
M&A Increases Management Execution Risk
Executing several strategic transactions within a relatively short period creates risks.
Management must simultaneously:
integrate teams,
protect customers,
control debt,
and:
deliver organic growth.
If integration takes longer than expected, expected synergies can be delayed.
Cyient therefore needs to ensure that acquisitions strengthen rather than distract from:
its core business.
Employee Retention Is Critical
Technology acquisitions depend heavily on:
people.
Tao Digital's value lies not only in its contracts but also in:
engineers,
architects,
AI specialists,
data professionals,
and customer-facing teams.
If key employees leave after the transaction, some of the acquisition's strategic value could be reduced.
Cyient has therefore incorporated:
retention schemes
and:
management incentives
into the transaction framework.
Founder Rajkumar Velagapudi Built Tao Rapidly
Tao Digital was founded by:
Rajkumar Velagapudi.
The company scaled rapidly from a relatively small operation into a global digital-engineering business.
Its revenue growth from approximately:
$19.7 million
to:
$79.1 million
within two years demonstrates the speed of expansion.
Cyient will now seek to preserve that entrepreneurial growth culture while integrating Tao into a much larger organisation.
Cultural Integration Will Matter
Acquisitions can fail even when the strategic logic appears strong.
Differences in:
decision-making,
compensation,
organisation structure,
and working culture
can create friction.
Cyient is a long-established global engineering company.
Tao Digital is a much younger and faster-growing digital business.
Combining those cultures without slowing Tao's execution will be important.
Global Delivery Model Creates Synergies
Both companies use:
global delivery models.
This means work can be distributed across:
customer-facing teams
and:
engineering centres
in multiple countries.
Cyient's established delivery infrastructure could help Tao Digital improve:
scale,
utilisation,
and customer coverage.
Tao's workforce can simultaneously add specialised digital talent to Cyient's network.
India Remains Important Delivery Base
India is central to the transaction.
Although Tao Digital is US-headquartered, it has significant operations in:
India.
The country's large engineering and technology talent pool supports delivery across:
data,
cloud,
software,
AI,
and product engineering.
The acquisition therefore also expands Cyient's domestic digital workforce.
AI Talent Competition Is Intensifying
One challenge will be retaining specialists in:
AI
and:
data engineering.
Demand for these skills is increasing rapidly across:
technology firms,
consultancies,
GCCs,
startups,
and global enterprises.
Higher competition can push up:
employee costs
and:
attrition.
Maintaining Tao Digital's margins while continuing to recruit specialised talent will therefore require careful management.
Cyient Seeks Higher-Value Services
The broader economic logic is to increase exposure to:
higher-value engineering services.
Traditional outsourcing can face:
pricing pressure
and:
automation.
AI and advanced data engineering can command stronger strategic relevance when they directly influence:
product development,
operating efficiency,
and revenue growth.
Cyient wants to shift its customer relationships toward these areas.
AI Could Also Automate Parts of Services Business
The opportunity comes with a disruption risk.
AI can increase demand for:
transformation services.
But it can also automate portions of:
software development,
testing,
documentation,
and engineering.
Service companies therefore need to use AI to improve productivity rather than simply selling more labour hours.
Tao Digital's AI-native operating approach could help Cyient adapt its delivery model.
Productivity-Based Pricing May Become More Important
As AI improves engineering productivity, customers may increasingly expect:
better outcomes
without proportionally larger teams.
This can accelerate movement away from:
time-and-material billing
toward:
outcome-based pricing.
Companies with strong automation and intellectual property may benefit more than those relying primarily on labour scale.
The Tao acquisition could support Cyient's transition toward that model.
North American Clients Can Increase Revenue Quality
North America typically offers relatively high spending on:
technology transformation
and:
engineering.
Tao Digital's customer relationships could therefore improve Cyient's revenue mix.
However, it also increases exposure to:
US economic conditions,
technology spending,
and currency movements.
Maintaining geographic diversification will remain important.
Acquisition Price Reflects Growth Expectations
An enterprise value of:
$218 million
against CY2025 revenue of approximately:
$79.1 million
implies an EV-to-historical-revenue ratio of roughly:
2.8 times.
This simple comparison illustrates that Cyient is paying not only for current revenue but also for:
future growth,
profitability,
capabilities,
and strategic synergies.
The more relevant management valuation benchmark is the approximately:
9.5 times estimated CY27 EBITDA
disclosed at announcement.
Earnout Helps Align Price With Performance
Performance-linked consideration reduces some valuation risk.
If Tao Digital achieves strong EBITDA growth, sellers receive:
additional payments.
If performance falls short, the amount ultimately paid can be lower than the maximum transaction value.
This aligns part of the acquisition consideration with:
actual business outcomes.
It also gives Tao's management an incentive to continue delivering after the change in ownership.
Cash Generation Will Determine Debt Paydown
Because the acquisition is primarily debt-financed, Tao Digital's cash generation becomes critical.
A profitable business with strong:
free cash-flow conversion
can help reduce acquisition debt over time.
If growth and margins meet expectations, leverage could decline as the acquired business generates cash.
If performance weakens, debt could remain elevated for longer.
Cyient’s Existing Business Provides Scale
Cyient entered the transaction as a significantly larger organisation.
For the June quarter of FY27, the company reported consolidated revenue of approximately:
₹2,076 crore
and net profit of around:
₹104 crore.
Tao Digital will therefore add a meaningful but not dominant amount of revenue to the group.
Some market estimates suggested the acquired company could contribute around:
a low-double-digit percentage
to Cyient's core digital, engineering and technology revenue run rate.
Integration Could Improve Revenue Mix
Tao's approximately 20% EBITDA margin may also help improve the quality of Cyient's revenue mix if maintained.
Digital and AI services can carry attractive economics when:
utilisation,
pricing,
and employee costs
are well managed.
However, acquisition financing costs and amortisation can initially offset part of that benefit at the net-profit level.
This explains why management expects stronger accretion only after integration progresses.
Customer Concentration Must Be Monitored
Fast-growing digital firms sometimes rely heavily on:
a relatively small number of large clients.
This can create concentration risk.
If a major customer reduces spending, revenue can decline quickly.
Cyient's broader customer base may help diversify Tao Digital over time.
Cross-selling across multiple industries can reduce dependence on individual accounts.
Digital Engineering Market Remains Competitive
Cyient is not entering an uncontested market.
Digital-engineering services are offered by:
large Indian IT companies,
global consultancies,
specialist engineering firms,
cloud integrators,
and AI startups.
Competition is intense for both:
customers
and:
talent.
Cyient's differentiation will need to come from combining deep domain engineering knowledge with modern digital capabilities.
Intelligent Engineering Is Core Strategic Thesis
The central idea behind the transaction is that industrial products and systems are becoming:
intelligent.
Aircraft contain more:
software
and:
data systems.
Cars are becoming connected computing platforms.
Factories use AI-driven automation.
Energy systems depend on digital networks.
Medical devices generate data continuously.
Engineering providers therefore need to understand both:
the physical system
and:
its digital architecture.
The Tao acquisition is intended to strengthen Cyient across that entire stack.
Conclusion
Cyient's completion of the 100% acquisition of Tao Digital Solutions represents a major strategic expansion into AI-native data and digital engineering, giving the Indian engineering-services company a substantially stronger position across software, cloud, product engineering and enterprise AI transformation.
The transaction was completed on September 4, 2026, ahead of the original September 30 deadline, after receiving Competition Commission of India approval.
Cyient is acquiring Tao Digital at an enterprise value of $218 million, with approximately $130 million paid upfront and the balance structured through performance-linked earnouts over two years.
Tao Digital brings approximately 3,500 employees, a global delivery footprint and rapidly expanding revenue that rose from about $19.7 million in CY2023 to $79.1 million in CY2025. Its CY2025 EBITDA margin was approximately 20%.
Strategically, the acquisition strengthens Cyient in AI and data engineering, cloud-native platforms, application modernisation, digital product engineering, cybersecurity, managed services and quality engineering, while expanding its exposure to Automotive, Hi-Tech and HealthTech customers, particularly in North America.
The deal also increases financial and execution demands. It is primarily debt-funded, requires a significant integration programme and depends on retaining Tao Digital's specialised workforce while maintaining its growth and cash generation.
Cyient's opportunity is to use Tao Digital not merely as an additional revenue source but as the digital layer of its broader Intelligent Engineering strategy.
If that integration succeeds, the combination could allow Cyient to move from predominantly engineering-focused engagements toward larger, multi-year programmes where physical engineering, software, data and artificial intelligence are delivered as one integrated capability.